When to double down in blackjack

Updated: · 6 min read · Iván Sevilla

Quick answer: double 11 against everything but an ace, 10 against 2–9 and 9 against 3–6. If the table lets you double on any two cards, also double A-2 through A-7 against the dealer’s weak upcards. Doubling means betting more when you have the edge — never to “win it back.”

What doubling down is and why it makes money

Doubling down means doubling your bet in exchange for exactly one more card. You do it on hands where you’re already ahead: your starting total is good and the dealer is weak. On those hands you win more often than you lose, so betting twice as much multiplies an edge you already have.

Here’s an example with numbers: 11 against a 6. Hitting is worth +0.34 bets on average; doubling, +0.68. Doubling doesn’t make you win more often, but when you win, you get paid twice as much.

Expected value of each option: 6-5 vs 6
TableStandHitDoubleSplitSurrender
Las Vegas (S17, surrender) −0.150+0.341+0.681—−0.500
Spanish casino (no hole card) −0.150+0.341+0.681——

Bet units per hand (−0.500 = you lose half a bet on average). Best option in green. “—”: not allowed at that table. Computed with the Veintiuno engine (6 decks unless “Double deck”), with the visible cards removed.

Hard hands

Your handDouble againstOtherwise…
112 through 10 (and ace with H17)hit
102 through 9hit
93 through 6 (and 2 with one or two decks)hit
8 or lessneverhit

The most debated case is 11 against an ace. Under S17 rules hitting and doubling are very close, and hitting wins by a hair; under H17, doubling moves ahead:

Expected value of each option: 6-5 vs A
TableStandHitDoubleSplitSurrender
Las Vegas (S17, surrender) −0.663+0.147+0.125—−0.500
Las Vegas (H17, surrender) −0.596+0.107+0.119—−0.500
Spanish casino (no hole card) −0.768−0.210−0.535——

Bet units per hand (−0.500 = you lose half a bet on average). Best option in green. “—”: not allowed at that table. Computed with the Veintiuno engine (6 decks unless “Double deck”), with the visible cards removed.

At a no-hole-card table like those in Spanish casinos, doubling against an ace is clearly worse: if the dealer has blackjack, you lose double.

Soft hands

Only at tables that let you double on any two cards:

Your handDouble againstOtherwise…
A-2, A-35 and 6hit
A-4, A-54 through 6hit
A-63 through 6hit
A-73 through 6 (and 2 with H17)stand
A-86 only with H17stand

A-7 against a 6 is the best example: standing is worth +0.28, but doubling is worth +0.38.

A-7 vs 6: stand or double
TableStandHitDoubleSplitSurrender
Las Vegas (S17, surrender) +0.281+0.192+0.385—−0.500

Bet units per hand (−0.500 = you lose half a bet on average). Best option in green. “—”: not allowed at that table. Computed with the Veintiuno engine (6 decks unless “Double deck”), with the visible cards removed.

In Spanish casinos

You can only double on 9, 10 or 11, so every soft double disappears, and with no hole card you don’t double 11 against a 10 or an ace. It’s all covered in blackjack rules in Spain.

The costliest doubling mistakes

  • Not doubling 11 against a 10 at a hole-card table: you give up about 0.06 of a bet per hand.
  • Doubling to win it back after a loss: the decision depends on your hand and the dealer’s upcard, never on how your session is going.
  • Doubling 12 or more: you bust too often with a single card.

Frequently asked questions

When should you double down in blackjack?

With 11 against anything except an ace; with 10 against 2 through 9; with 9 against 3 through 6; and, if the table lets you double on any two cards, with several soft hands (A-2 through A-7) against the dealer’s weak upcards. In Spanish casinos you can only double on 9, 10 or 11.

Do you double 11 against an ace?

It depends on the rules. If the dealer stands on soft 17 (S17), you hit; if the dealer hits soft 17 (H17), you double. At a European table with no hole card, you always hit.

Can you double down after hitting?

No. You can only double on your first two cards (or the first two cards of a split hand, if the table allows doubling after splitting). Once you’ve hit, you can only hit or stand.

Why double A-7 against a 6?

Because soft 18 can’t bust on one card, and a dealer showing a 6 is at their weakest: they bust about 42% of the time. Doubling turns that edge into twice the money.

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